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IACS Member Societies and other parties involved in bulk cargo shipping are concerned with the possible damage and loss of bulk carriers carrying heavy cargoes. Of particular concern are the potential problems which may result during operations such as the introduction of very high capacity loading systems, lack of communication between ship and terminal and inadequate planning of cargo operations. It is also of concern to IACS Members that some seafarers, and ship and cargo operators do not have a clear understanding of the limitations imposed by the ship's classification society regarding the strength capability of the hull structure.
IACS considers that a positive step must now be taken to provide adequate guidance and information to all parties involved in the loading and unloading of dry bulk carriers so that there is an awareness and better understanding of the possible problems that may be encountered. To serve this purpose, it is the intention of IACS to make this publication available to all shipowners, ship masters, ship and cargo terminal operators and other interested parties worldwide.
The loads that affect the ship's structure are generally discussed with special reference to the structural strength limitations imposed by the ship's Classification Society.
The process of planning and controlling cargo operations is addressed with special reference to the derivation of the loading and unloading plans and the requirements for ship/shore communication.
A review of the potential problems that could be encountered during cargo operations is presented. Guidance is given on the measures that should be taken to monitor and control cargo and ballasting operations in order to reduce the possibility of over-stressing the ship's structure.